Involvement of Brazilian adolescents in home cooking: An exploratory analysis (EVA-JF Study).

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the involvement of Brazilian adolescents in home cooking, estimating its associations with sex and socioeconomic status. METHODS: This cross-sectional study involved a probabilistic sample of 14- to 19-y-olds enrolled in 29 public schools in the municipality of Juiz de Fora, MG, Southeast Brazil (n = 835). To assess involvement in home cooking, a 12-question questionnaire was used. The content was based on the Brazilian Food Guide, which encourages the acquisition, development, and sharing of culinary skills. Pearson's χ test and Poisson regression models were carried out, without and with adjustments. RESULTS: Most of the adolescents did not usually participate in meal planning (61%), and in the choice/purchase of food and culinary ingredients (67%). Boys were less likely to know how to cook "from scratch", positively self-evaluate their culinary skills, enjoy cooking, wish to learn more about cooking and meal preparation, and to participate frequently in the planning and preparation of meals. Belonging to a lower socioeconomic status represented a greater probability of preparing meals alone for the family. CONCLUSIONS: We verified an alarming prevalence of adolescents with behaviors unaligned with Brazilian Food Guide recommendations; that is, most of them, especially boys, were not involved in home cooking. Adolescence may present a window of opportunity for the development of culinary skills, resulting in long-term benefits for the population's diet quality. Furthermore, to change a historical pattern that overloads women's daily lives, it is necessary to encourage, from an early age, the presence of boys in the kitchen.

Dificuldades financeiras, aspectos alimentares e de saúde em estudantes universitários, durante a pandemia de Covid-19 / Financial difficulties, dietary and health aspects in university students during the Covid-19 pandemic

Introdução: As dificuldades financeiras advindas da pandemia, em virtude de mudanças econômicas do país, além de refletirem no estado de segurança alimentar e nutricional e no estado de saúde dos indivíduos, acarretaram o aumento da evasão dos cursos superiores. Objetivo: Verificar a associação entre as dificuldades financeiras, durante a pandemia de Covid-19, com os aspectos alimentares e de saúde dos graduandos da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF). Método: Estudo transversal com graduandos da UFJF. Os dados foram coletados entre setembro de 2020 e março de 2021, através de questionário on-line. Utilizou-se Teste Qui-quadrado (p<0,05) para avaliar os fatores associados às dificuldades financeiras durante a pandemia. Verificou-se a razão de chances (Odds Ratio - OR) das associações encontradas. Resultados: Avaliaram-se 584 graduandos, dentre os quais se constatou que 31,7% passaram por dificuldades financeiras durante a pandemia. Notou-se que a presença de dificuldades financeiras no período pandêmico se associou positivamente à presença de Insegurança Alimentar e Nutricional (INSAN), à autopercepção negativa de saúde, à má qualidade do sono e às alterações de depressão, ansiedade e estresse. Além disso, os indivíduos caracterizados com dificuldades financeiras tinham maiores chances de apresentarem INSAN, percepção negativa de saúde, má qualidade do sono, bem como alterações nos níveis de depressão, ansiedade e estresse, quando comparados à sua contraparte. Conclusão: Conclui-se que as dificuldades financeiras durante o período pandêmico são associadas à presença de INSAN e aspectos de saúde alterados. Assim, ressalta-se a necessidade de criação de estratégias que visem à assistência financeira e psicológica dos graduandos.

Introduction: The financial difficulties caused by the pandemic due to economic changes in the country, in addition to affecting food and nutrition security and the state of health of individuals, resulted in greater evasion from higher education courses. Objective: To check the association between financial difficulties during the COVID-19 pandemic with the dietary and health aspects of undergraduate students from Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (Federal University of Juiz de Fora ­ UFJF). Methods: Transversal study with UFJF undergraduate students. The data were collected between September 2020 and March 2021, via an online survey. The chi-square test (p<0.05) was used to evaluate the factors associated with financial difficulties during the pandemic. We also checked the odds ratio (OR) for the associations found. Results: We assessed 584 undergraduate students, 31.7% of which were found to have gone through financial difficulties during the pandemic. We observed that the presence of financial difficulties in that period was positively associated with Food and Nutrition Insecurity (INSAN, Portuguese acronym), negative self-perception of health, bad sleep quality, and changes in depression, anxiety, and stress levels. Moreover, individuals characterized as having financial difficulties had a higher chance of having INSAN, negative perception of health, bad sleep quality, as well as changes in the levels of depression, anxiety, and stress, when compared to their counterparts. Conclusion: We concluded that financial difficulties during the pandemic period are associated with INSAN and affected health aspects. Therefore, we highlight that there is a need for the development of strategies which aim to provide financial and psychological assistance to undergraduate students.

Consumer food environment assessment and its association with socioeconomic factors in a midsize city in Brazil / Avaliação do ambiente alimentar do consumidor e suas associações com fatores socioeconômicos em uma cidade brasileira de médio porte

ABSTRACT Objective To assess the consumer food environment and its associations with socioeconomic factors in a midsize Brazilian city. Methods An ecological study that assessed the consumer food environment through audits in a stratified and proportional sample of food stores. The ESAO-S and the ESAO-R instruments were used. Access to healthy food was assessed using the Healthy Food Store Index and the Healthy Meal Restaurant Index. Socioeconomic and demographic characteristics and the Health Vulnerability Index were obtained from the 2010 Demographic Census. Statistical analyses were performed using the IBM®SPSSNo-Break®No-Break software. Result A total of 280 food stores were assessed. Only 47.1% of food stores for home consumption had fruits, vegetables, or legumes. High availability of ultra-processed food was identified, such as sugar-sweetened beverages (85.0%) and chocolate sandwich cookies (77.8%). The prices of some unprocessed foods and the availability of snacks were different according to socioeconomic characteristics. In food stores for immediate consumption, low availability of healthy options was identified, and, in most of them, natural juices had higher prices than sugar-sweetened beverages (87.1%). The mean Healthy Food Store Index score was 5.1 (SD=3.6), and the Healthy Meal Restaurant Index was 2.4 (SD=1.2). Conclusion These findings allow us to expand the knowledge about the consumer food environment, helping to implement public policies related to food supply.

RESUMO Objetivo Avaliar o ambiente alimentar do consumidor e suas associações com fatores socioeconômicos em uma cidade brasileira de médio porte. Métodos Estudo ecológico, no qual avaliou-se o ambiente alimentar do consumidor por meio de auditorias em uma amostra estratificada e proporcional de estabelecimentos que comercializam alimentos. Utilizaram-se os instrumentos ESAO-S e ESAO-R. O acesso a alimentos saudáveis foi avaliado por meio do Healthy Food Store Index e do Healthy Meal Restaurant Index. As características socioeconômicas, demográficas e o índice de vulnerabilidade da saúde foram obtidos a partir do Censo Demográfico de 2010. As análises estatísticas foram realizadas no software IBMNo-Break®No-BreakSPSSNo-Break®No-Break. Resultados Avaliaram-se 280 estabelecimentos, onde apenas 47,1% dos comércios de alimentos para consumo em domicílio possuíam frutas, verduras ou legumes. Foi identificada uma elevada disponibilidade de alimentos ultraprocessados, como refrigerantes (85,0%) e biscoitos (77,8%). Os preços de alguns alimentos in natura e a disponibilidade de salgadinhos foram diferentes segundo as características socioeconômicas. Nos comércios de alimentos para consumo imediato, foi identificada baixa disponibilidade de opções saudáveis e, na maioria deles, os sucos naturais apresentaram preços superiores a refrigerantes (87,1%). A pontuação média do Healthy Food Store Index foi 5,1 (DP=3,6) e do Healthy Meal Restaurant Index de 2,4 (DP=1,2). Conclusão Os resultados permitem ampliar o conhecimento sobre o ambiente alimentar do consumidor, auxiliando na implantação de políticas públicas relacionadas ao abastecimento alimentar.

Factors associated with non-frequent breakfast consumption in adolescents (EVA-JF Study) / Fatores associados ao consumo não frequente de café da manhã em adolescentes (Estudo EVA-JF)

ABSTRACT Objective To estimate the association of infrequent breakfast consumption with socioeconomic, behavioral, and individual factors in a sample of Brazilian adolescents from public schools. Methods Cross-sectional study with adolescents aged from 14 to 19 from public schools in Juiz de Fora, state of Minas Gerais. The frequency of consumption of breakfast, snacks, soft drinks, industrialized drinks, the usual food consumption, body mass index, body fat percentage, and waist circumference were evaluated. Other socioeconomic, behavioral, and individual data were obtained through questionnaires. Logistic regression analysis and hierarchical selection of variables were used to verify the associated factors. Results The sample consisted of 805 adolescents; 53.4% reported infrequent breakfast consumption. Through hierarchical logistic regression analysis, it was evidenced that the house occupancy status (OR: 0.618; 95%CI: 0.4410.865; p=0.005) was the distal factor associated with infrequent breakfast consumption; the intermediate factors were the consumption of industrialized beverages (OR: 0.658; 95%CI: 0.486-0.890; p=0.007) and percentage of energy from processed foods (OR: 0.935; 95%CI: 0.907-0.964; p<0.001); and the proximal factors were the male gender (OR: 0.696; 95%CI: 0.520-0.932; p=0.0015) and being nonwhite (OR: 1.529; 95%CI: 1.131-2.069; p=0.006). Conclusion Male adolescents who lived in owned houses, with occasional consumption of industrialized beverages and a higher percentage of energy derived from processed foods, had lower chances of infrequent breakfast consumption, while non-white adolescents had higher chances.

RESUMO Objetivo Estimar as associações do consumo não frequente de café da manhã com fatores socioeconômicos, comportamentais e individuais em uma amostra de adolescentes de escolas públicas. Métodos Estudo transversal realizado com adolescentes de 14 a 19 anos matriculados em escolas públicas de Juiz de Fora (MG). Foram avaliadas a frequência de consumo de café da manhã, lanches, refrigerantes e bebidas industrializadas, consumo alimentar usual, IMC, percentual de gordura corporal e perímetro da cintura. Demais dados socioeconômicos, comportamentais e individuais foram obtidos através de questionários. A análise de regressão logística e seleção hierárquica das variáveis foram usadas para verificar fatores associados. Resultados A amostra foi composta por 805 adolescentes e 53,4% deles relataram consumo não frequente de café da manhã. Através da análise de regressão logística hierarquizada, evidenciou-se que a ocupação em domicílio próprio (OR: 0,618; IC95%: 0,441-0,865; p=0,005) foi o fator distal associado ao consumo não frequente de café da manhã, além dos fatores intermediários "consumo não frequente de bebidas industrializadas" (OR: 0,658; IC95%: 0,486-0,890; p=0,007) e "percentual de energia proveniente de alimentos processados" (OR: 0,935; IC95%: 0,907-0,964; p<0,001) e dos fatores proximais "sexo masculino" (OR: 0,696; IC95%: 0,520-0,932; p=0,0015) e "cor da pele não branca" (OR: 1,529; IC95%: 1,131-2,069; p=0,006). Conclusão Adolescentes que residiam em domicílios próprios, com consumo não frequente de bebidas industrializadas, com maior percentual de energia proveniente de alimentos processados e do sexo masculino apresentaram menores chances de consumo não frequente de café da manhã, enquanto, adolescentes com cor da pele não branca apresentaram maiores chances.

Availability and access to food in supermarkets before and during the Covid-19 pandemic in a mid-size city / Disponibilidade e preço de alimentos em supermercados antes e durante a pandemia de Covid-19 em uma cidade de médio porte

ABSTRACT Objective To investigate the availability and price of fresh and ultra-processed foods in supermarkets before and during the Covid-19 pandemic in a mid-size city in the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais. Methods Ecological and longitudinal study. A proportionate stratified random sampling method was applied to supermarkets in the municipality. To assess the availability, variety, and price of fresh and ultra-processed foods, we applied the Estudo do Ambiente Obesogênico em São Paulo (ESAO, Obesogenic Environment Study in São Paulo, Brazil) Food Store Observation Tool questionnaire and calculated the Healthy Food Store Index. The audits took place from December 2019 to January 2020, and we returned to the establishments in September 2020. Descriptive analyzes, McNemar tests, paired Student's T or Wilcoxon tests were performed using the SPSS software, version 20.0, with a 5% significance level. Results Ten supermarkets were evaluated. The prices of oranges (p=0.012), bananas (p=0.043), apples (p=0.004), and onions (p=0.004) were significantly increased during the time frame. Sugar-free soft drinks (p=0.044), powdered drinks (p=0.032), and corn snacks (p=0.015) showed a greater variety of brands and flavors during the pandemic. The Healthy Food Store Index score was 9.50±0.85 before the pandemic and 9.00±1.15 during it. Conclusion The prices of some fruits and vegetables increased, and supermarkets sold a greater variety of ultra-processed foods. Such findings highlight the importance of assessing the consequences of the Covid-19 pandemic on the food environment.

RESUMO Objetivo Investigar a disponibilidade e preço de alimentos in natura e ultraprocessados em supermercados no período anterior e durante a pandemia de Covid-19 em uma cidade de médio porte de Minas Gerais. Métodos Estudo ecológico e longitudinal. Realizou-se amostragem aleatória estratificada proporcional dos supermercados do município. Foi aplicado o questionário ESAO Food Store Observation Tool, o qual avalia a disponibilidade, variedade e preço de alimentos in natura e ultraprocessados, e calculou-se o índice Healthy Food Store Index. As auditorias ocorreram nos meses de dezembro de 2019 e janeiro de 2020 e retornou-se aos estabelecimentos em setembro de 2020. Foram realizados análises descritivas, testes de McNemar, T de Student pareado ou Wilcoxon utilizando-se o software SPSS, versão 20.0, com nível de significância de 5%. Resultados Foram avaliados dez supermercados. Os preços da laranja (p=0,012), banana (p=0,043), maçã (p=0,004) e cebola (p=0,004) apresentaram aumento significativo, e uma variedade maior de marcas e sabores de refrigerantes sem açúcar (p=0,044), refresco em pó (p=0,032) e salgadinhos de milho (p=0,015) foram encontradas durante a pandemia. A pontuação do índice Healthy Food Store Index antes da pandemia foi de 9,50 ± 0,85 e durante a pandemia foi de 9,00 ± 1,15. Conclusão Foram verificados aumentos nos preços de frutas e legumes e uma maior variedade de alimentos ultraprocessados disponíveis na auditoria feita durante a pandemia. Esses achados contribuem para salientar a importância da avaliação das consequências da pandemia de covid-19 no ambiente alimentar.

Thumb adductor muscle thickness used in the nutritional assessment of chronic kidney disease patients under conservative treatment / Espessura do músculo adutor do polegar para avaliação nutricional de portadores de doença renal crônica em tratamento conservador

Abstract Introduction: Evaluate the association between the thumb adductor muscle thickness and the patient's nutritional status, and propose cutoff points for muscle mass depletion in elderly patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) under conservative treatment. Epidemiological and cross-sectional study, including patients with CKD stages 3 to 5, older than 60 years. Socioeconomic, clinical, physical activity and anthropometric data was obtained. TAMT was described and compared according to CKD stage, socioeconomic data, physical activity, nutritional status and correlated with age, glomerular filtration rate and anthropometric variables. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves were produced, considering the lean tissue index classification as reference. The cut-off point was defined by the Youden index. Results: We evaluated 137 individuals. The TAMT was lower in malnourished and/or depleted muscle mass individuals; among males it was higher among those who practiced physical activities (p <0.05). This measure was moderately correlated with BMI, calf and brachial circumferences, lean body tissue, lean tissue index and body cell mass (r <0.7); negatively with age (r = -0.34). The ROC curve analysis determined cut points of 15.33 mm for females and 20.33 mm for males, with 72.22% and 62.50% accuracy, respectively. Conclusion: TAMT is used to estimate muscle mass and we suggest the cutoff point is useful to rule out the likelihood of muscle mass depletion. It is recommended that it be used in a complementary way in nutritional assessment.

Resumo Introdução: Avaliar a associação da espessura do músculo adutor do polegar (EMAP) com o estado nutricional e propor pontos de corte para depleção de massa muscular em idosos portadores da doença renal crônica (DRC) em tratamento conservador. Metodologia: Estudo epidemiológico, delineamento transversal, incluindo portadores de DRC estágios 3 a 5, acima de 60 anos. Obteve-se dados socioeconômicos, clínicos, prática de atividade física e antropométricos. A EMAP foi descrita e comparada de acordo com o estágio da DRC, dados socioeconômicos, atividade física e estado nutricional e correlacionada com idade, taxa de filtração glomerular e variáveis antropométricas. Foram produzidas curvas Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC), considerando como padrão de referência a classificação do índice de tecido magro. O ponto de corte foi definido pelo índice Youden. Resultados: Avaliou-se 137 indivíduos. A EMAP foi inferior nos desnutridos e/ou com depleção de massa muscular; no sexo masculino foi superior nos praticantes de atividade física (p<0,05). A medida se correlacionou moderadamente com IMC, circunferência da panturrilha e braquial, tecido de massa magra, índice de tecido magro e massa celular corporal (r<0,7), e negativamente com a idade (r=-0,34). A análise da curva ROC determinou pontos de corte de 15,33 mm para o sexo feminino e 20,33 mm para o masculino, com acurácia de 72,22% e 62,50%, respectivamente. Conclusão: A EMAP serve para estimar a massa muscular, e o ponto de corte sugerido é útil para afastar a probabilidade de depleção de massa muscular. Recomenda-se que seja utilizada de forma complementar na avaliação nutricional.

Thumb adductor muscle thickness used in the nutritional assessment of chronic kidney disease patients under conservative treatment.

INTRODUCTION: Evaluate the association between the thumb adductor muscle thickness and the patient's nutritional status, and propose cutoff points for muscle mass depletion in elderly patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) under conservative treatment. Epidemiological and cross-sectional study, including patients with CKD stages 3 to 5, older than 60 years. Socioeconomic, clinical, physical activity and anthropometric data was obtained. TAMT was described and compared according to CKD stage, socioeconomic data, physical activity, nutritional status and correlated with age, glomerular filtration rate and anthropometric variables. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves were produced, considering the lean tissue index classification as reference. The cut-off point was defined by the Youden index. RESULTS: We evaluated 137 individuals. The TAMT was lower in malnourished and/or depleted muscle mass individuals; among males it was higher among those who practiced physical activities (p <0.05). This measure was moderately correlated with BMI, calf and brachial circumferences, lean body tissue, lean tissue index and body cell mass (r <0.7); negatively with age (r = -0.34). The ROC curve analysis determined cut points of 15.33 mm for females and 20.33 mm for males, with 72.22% and 62.50% accuracy, respectively. CONCLUSION: TAMT is used to estimate muscle mass and we suggest the cutoff point is useful to rule out the likelihood of muscle mass depletion. It is recommended that it be used in a complementary way in nutritional assessment.

Adductor Pollicis Muscle Thickness for nutritional assessment: a systematic review.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to systematically review the scientific findings about the efficacy of the measure of the Adductor Pollicis Muscle Thickness for nutritional assessment of individuals in various clinical conditions. METHOD: Systematic review study performed according to the methodology Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). RESULTS: 13 original articles published between 2004 and 2016 were included. The measure was associated/correlated to parameters of nutritional status (such as weight, body mass index and Global Subjective Assessment) and muscle mass markers (such as circumference brachial muscle circumference, brachial muscle area, calf circumference, and muscle mass). All these correlations were weak or moderate. CONCLUSION: The measurement can be used in different populations, being able to estimate nutritional status and muscle mass. However, it is suggested that it be used in a complementary way to the nutritional evaluation, not constituting a single diagnostic/monitoring parameter.

Adductor Pollicis Muscle Thickness for nutritional assessment: a systematic review / Espesura del Músculo Aductor del Pulgar para evaluación nutricional: una revisión sistemática / Espessura do Músculo Adutor do Polegar para avaliação nutricional: uma revisão sistemática

ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this study is to systematically review the scientific findings about the efficacy of the measure of the Adductor Pollicis Muscle Thickness for nutritional assessment of individuals in various clinical conditions. Method: Systematic review study performed according to the methodology Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Results: 13 original articles published between 2004 and 2016 were included. The measure was associated/correlated to parameters of nutritional status (such as weight, body mass index and Global Subjective Assessment) and muscle mass markers (such as circumference brachial muscle circumference, brachial muscle area, calf circumference, and muscle mass). All these correlations were weak or moderate. Conclusion: The measurement can be used in different populations, being able to estimate nutritional status and muscle mass. However, it is suggested that it be used in a complementary way to the nutritional evaluation, not constituting a single diagnostic/monitoring parameter.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Revisar de forma sistemática las constataciones científicas acerca de la eficacia de la medida de la Espesura del Músculo Aductor del Pulgar para evaluación nutricional de los individuos bajo diversas condiciones clínicas. Método: Estudio de revisión sistemática, realizado conforme la metodología Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Resultados: Se incluyeron 13 artículos originales publicados entre 2004 y 2016. La medida se presentó asociada/correlacionada a los parámetros de evaluación del estado nutricional (peso, índice de masa corporal y Evaluación Subjetiva Global) y a los marcadores de masa muscular (como circunferencia braquial, circunferencia muscular braquial, área muscular braquial, circunferencia de la pantorrilla y masa muscular). Todas estas correlaciones fueron débiles o moderadas. Conclusión: La medida puede ser utilizada en diferentes poblaciones, siendo capaz de estimar el estado nutricional y la masa muscular. Sin embargo, se sugiere que se emplee de forma complementaria la evaluación nutricional, no constituyendo un parámetro único de diagnóstico/monitoreo.

RESUMO Objetivo: Revisar de forma sistemática as constatações científicas acerca da eficácia da medida da Espessura do Músculo Adutor do Polegar para avaliação nutricional de indivíduos em diversas condições clínicas. Método: Estudo de revisão sistemática, realizado conforme a metodologia PreferredReportingItems for SystematicReviewsand Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Resultados: Foram incluídos 13 artigos originais publicados entre 2004 e 2016. A medida apresentou-se associada/correlacionada aos parâmetros de avaliação do estado nutricional (como peso, índice de massa corporal e Avaliação Subjetiva Global) e aos marcadores da massa muscular (como circunferência braquial, circunferência muscular braquial, área muscular braquial, circunferência da panturrilha e massa muscular). Todas essas correlações foram fracas ou moderadas. Conclusão: A medida pode ser utilizada em diferentes populações, sendo capaz de estimar o estado nutricional e a massa muscular. No entanto, sugere-se que seja empregada de modo complementar à avaliação nutricional, não constituindo um parâmetro único de diagnóstico/monitoramento.

Fatores nutricionais e sociais de importância para o resultado da gestação,em mulheres em acompanhamento na rede de atenção primária de Juiz de Fora / Important nutritional and social factors to pregnancy outcomes in women followed at primary care network of Juiz de Fora

Introdução: a gestação requer elevadas necessidades nutricionais e, devido à sua alta vulnerabilidade, várias condições podem interferir na evolução normal da gestação, por isso o seu acompanhamento médico é importante. Objetivos: avaliar o estado nutricional e de saúde, analisar o consumo alimentar e investigar o perfil socioeconômicode gestantes atendidas em Unidades de Saúde de Juiz de Fora (MG). Métodos: trata-se de estudo observacional descritivo. O acompanhamento longitudinal iniciou-se no terceiro trimestre da gestação e durou até o primeiro mês pós-parto. A coleta de dados foi realizada na rede de atenção primária de saúde, em oito unidades básicasdas regiões oeste e sul de Juiz de Fora, por meio de aplicação de questionários e avaliação antropométrica. Resultados: participaram do estudo 111 mulheres; a maioria apresentava-se eutrófica antes da gestação; mais da metade iniciou o pré-natal até oterceiro mês de gestação e realizou mais que sete consultas no total. Verificou-se que 20% apresentavam anemia gestacional. A amostra foi predominantemente constituída de população de baixa renda - meio salário mínimo ou menos. A ingestão média de macronutrientes estava entre as faixas de recomendação, sendo adequada. Observou-se consumo de dietas inadequadas em relação aos micronutrientes cálcio, ferro e ácidofólico. Conclusões: as gestantes avaliadas tinham acesso aos serviços de pré-natal, porém notou-se falta de acompanhamento nutricional e de orientações em relação aos cuidados com a gestação.

Introduction: pregnancy requires elevated nutritional needs and, due to its high vulnerability, various conditions can interfere in the normal course of pregnancy; therefore, medical follow-up is important. Objectives: to evaluate the nutritional and health status, analyze food intake and investigate the socioeconomic profile of pregnant womenattending the Juiz de Fora Health Units (MG). Methods: this was a descriptive observational study. The longitudinal monitoring began in the third trimester of pregnancy and lasted until the first postpartum month. Data collection was carried out in the network of primary health care in eight basic units in the western and southern regions of Juiz deFora through questionnaires and anthropometric evaluations. Results: 111 women participated in the study; most were eutrophic before the pregnancy; more than half began the prenatal care up to the third month of pregnancy and attended to more than seven consultations in total. Gestational anemia was detected in 20% of women. The sample conwaspredominantly made up of low-income women - half the minimum wage or less. The average intake of macronutrients was within the recommended ranges, being adequate. An inadequate diet consumption ofthe calcium, iron, and folic acid micronutrients was observed. Conclusions: the evaluated pregnant women had access to prenatal services. However, a lack of nutritional monitoring and provision of guidelines forpregnancy care were observed.